© UC BerkeleyEECS 150 - Components and Design Techniques for Digital SystemsLec 01 – Introduction8-28-07David CullerElectrical Engineering and Computer SciencesUniversity of California, Berkeleyhttp://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cullerhttp://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs1508/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro2© UC BerkeleyIntroductions – CS150 StaffDavid E. [email protected]://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~culler627 Soda Hall, 643-7572Office hours: Tue 3:30-5, Fr 9-11Sarah [email protected] [email protected] Singh [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro3© UC BerkeleyEECS 150 Project in my day• Row of LEDs• Bunch of TTL SSI chips– TTL cookbook• Couple of switches for paddle• Bread board– Ground plane would oscillate after wires signal punched through• Oscilloscope and logic analyzer8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro4© UC BerkeleyMy post-EECS150 summer jobCHI-5 16-bit Digital Speech Processor8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro5© UC BerkeleyDigital Design in Your Life…Your ideas here …8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro6© UC BerkeleyCaLinx2 – Your EECS150 …8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro7© UC BerkeleyCaLinx II - Class Lab/Project BoardFlash Card & Micro-drive PortVideo Encoder & DecoderAC ’97 Codec & Power AmpVideo & Audio PortsFour 100 Mb Ethernet Ports8 Meg x 32SDRAMQuad Ethernet TransceiverXilinxVirtex 2000ESeven Segment LED DisplaysPrototype Area8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro8© UC BerkeleyWireless network + …• IEEE 802.15.4 Personal Area Network• ADC channels• Simple display• Serial interface8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro9© UC BerkeleyFa07 Course Project – i50phoneAudioCodecAudioPortVideoDecodeSDramDisplayWirelessEthernetKey input8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro10© UC BerkeleyOutline• Introductions• Project Teaser• Course Content• Administrivia– Enrollment & Attendance– Course Structure & Grading• A Few Basic Principles of Digital Design• Summary• Reading: Katz&Boriello, Ch 18/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro11© UC BerkeleyWhat is EECS150 about?Transfer FunctionTransistor PhysicsDevicesGatesCircuitsFlipFlopsEE 40HDLMachine OrganizationInstruction Set ArchPgm Language Asm / Machine LangCS 61CDeep Digital Design ExperienceFundamentals of Boolean LogicSynchronous CircuitsFinite State MachinesTiming & ClockingDevice Technology & ImplicationsController DesignArithmetic UnitsBus DesignEncoding, FramingTesting, DebuggingHardware ArchitectureHDL, Design Flow (CAD)8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro12© UC BerkeleyCourse ContentComponents and Design Techniques for Digital SystemsSynchronous Digital Hardware SystemsExample digital representation: acoustic waveformA series of numbers is used to represent the waveform, rather than a voltage or current, as in analog systems.• Synchronous: “Clocked” - all changes in the system are controlled by a global clock and happen at the same time (not asynchronous)• Digital: All inputs/outputs and internal values (signals) take on discrete values (not analog).8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro13© UC BerkeleyWhat makes Digital Systems tick?CombinationalLogictimeclkWhat determines the systems performance?8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro14© UC BerkeleyCourse Content• Not a course on transistor physics and transistor circuits. Although, we will look at these to better understand the primitive elements for digital circuits. • Not a course on computer architecture or the architecture of other systems. Although we will look at these as examples. • Hardware Architectures• Arithmetic units, controllers• Memory elements, logic gates, busses• Transistor-level circuits• Transistors, wires8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro15© UC BerkeleyWe Will Learn in EECS 150 …• Language of logic design– Logic optimization, state, timing, CAD tools• Concept of state in digital systems– Analogous to variables and program counters in software systems• Hardware system building– Datapath + control = digital systems• Hardware system design methodology– Hardware description languages: Verilog– Tools to simulate design behavior: output = function (inputs)– Logic compilers synthesize hardware blocks of our designs– Mapping onto programmable hardware (code generation)• Contrast with software design– Both map specifications to physical devices– Both must be flawless …8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro16© UC BerkeleyWhat is Logic Design?• What is design?– Given problem spec, solve it with available components– While meeting quantitative (size, cost, power) and qualitative (beauty, elegance)• What is logic design?– Choose digital logic components to perform specified control, data manipulation, or communication function and their interconnection– Which logic components to choose?Many implementation technologies (fixed-function components, programmable devices, individual transistors on a chip, etc.)– Design optimized/transformed to meet design constraints8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro17© UC BerkeleySource: Microsoft EncartasensesensedriveANDWhat is Digital Hardware?• Devices that sense/control wires carrying digital values (physical quantity interpreted as “0” or “1”)– Digital logic: voltage < 0.8v is “0”, > 2.0v is “1”– Pair of wires where “0”/“1” distinguished by which has higher voltage (differential)– Magnetic orientation signifies “0” or “1”• Primitive digital hardware devices– Logic computation devices (sense and drive)» Two wires both “1” - make another be “1” (AND)» At least one of two wires “1” - make another be “1” (OR)» A wire “1” - then make another be “0” (NOT)– Memory devices (store)» Store a value» Recall a value previously stored8/28/07EECS150 F07 Lec01 - Intro18© UC BerkeleyCurrent State of Digital Design• Changes in industrial practice– Larger designs– Shorter time to market– Cheaper products• Scale– Pervasive use of computer-aided design tools over hand methods– Multiple levels of design representation• Time – Emphasis on abstract design representations– Programmable rather than fixed function components– Automatic synthesis techniques– Importance of sound design methodologies• Cost– Higher levels of integration– Use of simulation to debug designs• Power– Critical at the high performance end– Critical at the portable
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