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UD COMM 256 - COMM256- Exam 1

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Freedom and Education- True education is in service to more than the acquisition of a job.- “We remain fearful, anxious, frightened of life. So is it the function of education to help us understand the whole the process of life, or is it merely to prepare us for a vocation, for the best job wecan get? Education has no meaning unless it helps you understand the vast expanse of life with all its subtleties, with its extraordinary beauty, its sorrows and joys. You may earn degrees and have a very good job, but then what?”- “Isn’t the true function of education to cultivate in you the intelligence which will try to find the answers to life’s problems. Intelligence is the capacity to think freely, without fear, without a formula, so that you begin to discover for yourself what is real, what is true; but if you are frightened you will never be intelligent.”- “Living safely generally means living in imitation and therefore fear. To create an atmosphere is which there is no fear requires a great deal of thinking on your part as well as on the part of your teacher” - It’s only those in constant revolt that discover what is true, not those who conform. It’s only when you’re constantly inquiring and learning, that you find truth, God, or love; and you can’t observe, learnor be deeply aware if you’re afraid. - Function of education is to eradicate the fear that destroys human thought, relationships and love. - Most of us become frightened as we become older - “Most men live lives of quiet desperation.” – R.W. EmersonThe Problem of Freedom1. We are condemned to be free. - We are always obliged to make some kind of choice.- Even if I can’t choose my circumstance, I can choose attitude I take and response I make in light of it- Order both constricts and creates freedom. - You have to follow social rules in order to comm successfully - Freedom also requires resources- Redundant Freedom = too many rules- Culture is a series of constraints that enable people to exist and survive together Cognitive Choices- We have no choice but to choose. We can choose to accept what is handed to us as “this is the way it is” or we can question and interrogate our culture’s meanings to see if embodying them is really in our best interest. - We can learn to artfully break cultural rules to our advantage The moment we want to be something we are no longer free. - When we’re aware and understand something about ourselves, there is transformation. Facets of FreedomAutonomy: freedom from others, independence of our judgment Agency: our ability to discern alternatives, evaluate choices and the will to choose- Without bias from internal or external sources Choice: a range of alternativesExit: the ability to withdrawVoice: making your will knowResources: means to actualize choice- Freedom involves the range of alternatives (choices), the ability to discern, evaluate them, independently, and want to choose among them (agency), and then independence and freedom to choose among the range of alternatives we desire (autonomy). 2 ways people can exercise their freedom when faced with constraints:1. Exit: stop supporting company, leave job with bad environment, divorce from bad marriage2. Voice: taking action and participatory role in managing one’s affairs, community. Protests, voting, holding public office, making donations Freedom in the 21st Century- Profile of success is changing, we swapped freedom to manage our communities, for freedom of the marketplace. We’ve abandoned our political agency for consumer agency. - We’re more concerned with our choices at Walmart then at the voting booth. More concerned with thepursuit of commodity pleasure than the pursuit of freedom. “Freedom to” (more liberal) *Need both- Freedom to do something you’ve never done before- Education, income, upbringing grant people choices“Freedom from” (more conservative)- Freedom from crime so you need laws- Freedom from interferenceOf Dogs and People- Dogs have pack mentality. (who’s the alpha dog)- Dogs communicate with Signals: universal and unchanged meaning, stands for one thing only- People use Signs: agreed upon and open to change, may have more then one meaning depending on what people decide it means- Dogs experience only the here and now, can't learn and grow from past experiences- Signs allow for experience of the past and future- Humans are "time-binders".Time-binding: taking past experiences to make something that did not exist before, use to evolve- How language gives us a past- Social ConstructionismThat-it-is = nonlinguistic, physical hereWhat-it-is = linguistic, culturally created, arbitrary, what we call it determines what we plan to do withit- "We do not live in the world of things, we live in the world of the meaning of things." - A culture, whatever its language is a way of minding the world. A mind is a way of minding the worldthat recapitulates that culture. One doesn't learn from one's experiences. One learns from one's interpretations of ones experiences.- Mind = how we see, understand, make sense of something, not something you have, its something you do with language/culture.- Mind isn’t something just inside your head, it’s part of your language environment, your culture.- When you don't have a word for a feeling you can't talk about or describe it- Unlike thinking where your back in your head reflecting- Naming = Social Constructionism - Some people have the authority to name the world (authority, gov, media).- Greatest freedom is defining things on your own terms, but there are consequences.- Every definition of anything contains the agenda and objectives of some group of people- Those people who can use language to explain and persuade are the one's whose view of the world becomes "the way it is". (Manipulate, control)Price of Human Communication- Knowledge of death- Dogs live instinctual lives, no system to interpret whether they’re leading moral/happy/full life- So humans are driven to meaningful livesWhat is a Theory? Foundations/Schools of Thought1. Cognitivism- Your (Modernist) Mind is in Your Head- Brain maps reality- Cog backed by modern philosophies of mind and reality.- For modernist, science, tech, math, and sound logic are the tools to understand and improve life- Life is made meaningful by solving the problems that keep us from living out life's potentials- Searching for unchanged and universal patterns- To the extent that we understand the


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