PSYC 410 1nd EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 - 9Lecture 1 (October 4)What is stress? What are the advantages and disadvantages to being diagnosed with a mental disorder? - Stresso Stress is the body’s reaction to the demands placed upon ito Every change in your life can be deemed stressful- Being diagnosed with a mental disorder o Advantages  One can receive treatment and get better One can make changes  Research can be produced - Can lead to more knowledge about the disease and try to prevent it  The disease can be identified in one’s family  Diagnosis facilitates communication among professionals o Disadvantages  There is a stigma or label associated with having a mental disorder  One might blame his/herself  One might receive an incorrect diagnosis  One might be bullied as a result of his/her diagnosis Lecture 2 (October 7) Lecture 3 (October 9) According to the DSM-V: What is social anxiety disorder? What is generalized anxiety disorder? How do you define specific phobias? What are obsessive compulsive related disorders? - Social Anxiety Disorder o Fear of scrutiny or judgment - Generalized Anxiety Disorder o A person must show the following to be diagnosed:  Excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events or situations - Apprehensive expectation An individual finds it difficult to control the worry The anxiety or worry is associated with at least 3 of the following:- Restlessness - Easily fatigued- Difficulty concentrating - Irritability - Muscle tension - Sleep disturbances  Symptoms must cause clinically significant distress and social or occupational impairment - Specific Phobias o A marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation o The phobic object almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety o The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the threat actually posed o Avoidance of the phobic object or situation typically lasts 6 months or more Treatment techniques for specific phobias include:- Flooding - Exposure therapy - Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders o Obsessive Compulsive Disorder o Body Dysmorphic Disordero Hoarding o Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder o Trichotillomania Lecture 4 (October 11) According to the DSM-V: what is trichotillomania? What is excoriation? What defines an obsessive compulsive disorder? - In order to be diagnosed with trichotillomania, a person must display the following:o Recurrent hair pulling outo Attempts to stop the hair pulling o The hair pulling out causes clinically significant distress or impairment - In order to be diagnosed with excoriation, a person must display the following:o Recurrent skin picking resulting in lesions o Attempts to stop the skin picking o The skin picking causes clinically significant distress or impairment - Obsessive Compulsive Disorders o Obsession: the cognitive part of the disorder defined as recurrent or persistent thoughts, urges, or images described as intrusive and unwanted that lead to anxiety or distress o Compulsion: the behavioral part of the disorder characterized by repetitive behavior that the individual feels obligated to perform according to an obsession or rules that must be adhered to rigidly  ie: hand washing, ordering, checking, counting, repetition, cleaning o In order to be diagnosed with OCD, an individual must have obsessions,compulsions, or both; and the obsessions and compulsions must not be a result of drug or alcohol abuse Lecture 5 (October 16) According to the DSM-V, what defines Major Depressive Disorder? - Major Depressive Disorder o Characterized by 5 or more of the following symptoms in a 2 week period: Depressed mood Loss of interest and pleasure Change in weight Insomnia or hypersomnia  Psychomotor agitation or retardation  Fatigue or loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness or guilt  Diminished ability to concentrate or indecisiveness  Recurrent thoughts of death, suicide, or suicide attemptso The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment o The symptoms are not better explained by another disorder o In order to be diagnosed with MDD, there cannot have been an episode of maniaor hypomania o Prevalence of MDD In one year, about 7% of the adult population will be diagnosed Prevalence in ages 18-29 Diagnoses are 1.5 to 3 times more common in females than males Lecture 6 (October 21) According to the DSM-V: what is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder? What is Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)? What is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder? What is Bipolar Mood Disorder? What is hypomania? - In order to be diagnosed with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, an individual must:o Be between 6 and 18 years of ageo Have sever recurrent temper outbursts that are manifested verbally and/or physically that are grossly out of proportion in severity or duration to the provocation o Tantrums are inconsistent with developmental level o Outbursts occur on average 3 times a week - In order to be diagnosed with Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia), an individual must:o Depressed mood for most of the day, more days than most for a yearo Does not go without 2 of the following symptoms for more than 2 months: Poor appetite or overeating  Insomnia or hypersomnia Poor concentration  Fatigue  Feelings of hopelessness - In order to be diagnosed with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) an individual must:o Have at least 1 of the following: Marked affective labiality (mood disruption)  Interpersonal conflict Depressed, self-deprecating thoughts  Anxiety, tensiono Have at least 1 of the following: Decreased interest in usual activities  Difficulty concentrating  Lethargy, fatigue Changes in appetite Hypersomnia or insomnia  A sense of being overwhelmed or out of control - Bipolar Mood Disorderso Mania  Mania is a distinct period of abnormal and persistently elevated mood and increased goal-directed activity and energy lasting at least a week; present most of the day, almost every day.  During an episode of mania, at least 3 of the following must be present:- Inflated self-esteem or feelings of grandiose - Decreased need for sleep- Flight of ideas, racing thoughts- More talkative- Distractibility - Increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation - Excessive involvement in activities with high potential for