BIOL 1103 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last LectureI. Darwin’s FamilyII. EducationIII. Fitzroy and The BeagleIV. Darwin’s LifeOutline of Current Lecture I. Science and ReligionII. TimeIII. Mechanism of EvolutionIV. Darwin’s ConclusionsV. Favorable VariationsVI. Evidence for EvolutionCurrent Lecture- Science and Religion:o Science is investigated by the senses and religion is not; therefore, it is important to keep science separate from religion and beliefs- Time:o The earth is 4.6 billion years oldo First organisms (prokaryotes) arose about 3.5 billion years agoo Humans have been on earth for an estimated 100,000 yrsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o- Mechanism of Evolution:o Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was first to really investigate and create a mechanism for evolutiono He concluded from his study of giraffes that new structures arise from need and there is an inheritance of acquired characteristicso- Darwin’s Conclusions:o These were published in Origin of Specieso 1. Individuals of any population vary from one another in many characteristics. Even siblings differ.o 2. These variations can be inherited.o 3. Members of a population produce more offspring than the environment can support.o 4. Those individuals whose inherited characteristics fit them best to their environment are likely to leave more offspring than less fit individuals.- Favorable Variations:o Variations that favor reproduction: More food Longer life Attract opposite sex Ability to exploit new areaso All you need is one survivor:- Evidence for Evolution:o Radiometric dating: radiometric dating has confirmed the immense age of the Earth—an age that is consistent with the long periods of time scientists believe it has taken species to evolve. o Fossils: around the globe, fossils from the same evolutionary periods are consistently found together in geologic strata there is excellent agreement between the relative ages assigned to fossils by evolutionary theory and the absolute ages assigned to them by radiometric datingo comparative morphology: the theory of evolution explains the common occurrence of homologous physical structures in different organismso Evidence from biogeography: island biogeography—the geographic distribution of species on Earth’s islands—is explained by the theory of evolutiono gene modification: variations found in the DNA sequences of various organisms are consistent with evolutionary theoryo experimental evidence: experimental demonstrations of evolution have been carried out in the laboratory and in
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