Hartmann Adolescent Psychology (1230-001) Fall, 2005Study Guide #1—for Santrock, chapter 1 and Lectures 1, 2, & 3Chapter 1 (Introduction)1. During which historical time period were adolescents viewed as miniature adults?A) the 4th century B.C. in GreeceB) The Middle AgesC) The Age of EnlightenmentD) The eighteenth centuryE) The nineteenth century2. Stanley Hall's belief is thatA) adolescence is a time of storm and stress.B) development is primarily biologically controlled.C) environmental influences play a small role in the development of young children.D) adolescents are moody.E) all of these3. Mead's work has been criticized forA) being too biologically based.B) being biased and inaccurate.C) rarely taking into account the social and cultural factors that play a role in development.D) being sexist.E) all of these4. Schools, work, and economics are especially important dimensions of what view of adolescence?A) Sociohistorical viewB) Cognitive viewC) Hall's viewD) Inventionist viewE) Mead's view5. Mary has high career goals, works hard, and is motivated by material interests. During which decade of United States history was she most likely to have been an adolescent?A) 1900sB) 1930sC) 1940sD) 1960sE) 1970s6. Which of the following adolescent behaviors increased during the 1960s in the United States?A) political protestsB) challenges to authorityC) ethnic conflictsD) sexual permissivenessE) all of these7. Daniel Offer's cross-cultural research has shown thatA) most adolescents suffer from low self-esteem.B) adolescents from many different cultures generally have a positive self-image.C) most adolescents, from no matter what culture, are rebellious and not very happy.D) most adolescents are low in self-confidence, yet aren't rebellious.E) adolescents from different cultures tend to have an unhealthy self-image.8. According to the text, compared to adolescents of several decades ago, today's U.S. adolescents tend to experience lessA) mandatory education.B) discontinuity.C) storm and stress.D) stability.E) all of these.9. Jack complains that elderly Americans are using up resources that should be allocated to adolescents. What is Jack's belief in the unfair treatment of younger members of an aging society called?A) generational inequityB) generation gapC) adolescent generalization gapD) youth stereotypeE) social policy10. Recently there has been a decline in the percentage of ______________________ adolescents who have access to secondary and higher education.A) African AmericanB) Latin AmericanC) AsianD) North AmericanE) Southern European11. Which developmental processes most involve adolescents' changing relationships with peers?A) biological processesB) socioemotional processesC) cognitive processesD) psychological processesE) intelligence processes12. Ryan is in middle childhood. What is a likely central theme of his world?A) trustB) identityC) achievementD) autonomyE) integrity13. Kenneth Kenniston's term "youth" refers toA) individuals under the age of 12.B) individuals under the age of 18.C) the transitional time period between adolescence and adulthood.D) the time period that encompasses both early and late adolescence.E) immature adults who are in transition.14. In developing countries, the significant marker for entry into adulthood is oftenA) going to college.B) marriage.C) working.D) puberty.E) graduating from high school.15. A developmental psychologist believes that reasoning ability is the result of gradual, cumulative change. This exemplifies a belief inA) the importance of nurture more than nature.B) discontinuity in development.C) the importance of early experiences.D) continuity in development.E) the importance of nature more than nurture.16. What theorist has been the primary influence on people in Western cultures to support the idea that early experiences are more important than later experiences?A) HallB) MeadC) OfferD) FreudE) Takanishi17. Compared to those in Western cultures, the majority of people in Eastern cultures believeA) later childhood experiences are more important than early childhood experiences.B) there is continuity in development.C) early childhood experiences are more important than later childhood experiences.D) nature and nurture play an equal role in development.E) there is discontinuity in development.18. A college or university professor with a Ph.D. in developmental psychology CANNOTA) teach undergraduate courses.B) train graduate students.C) conduct research.D) do counseling.E) publish articles.19. Emily wants to pursue a career as a psychiatrist. What educational requirements are necessary?A) Four to five years in school psychology to obtain a D.Ed.B) Four to six years of clinical and research graduate training to obtain a Ph.D.C) Four years of medical school, plus an internship and a residencyD) Two years to obtain an M.A.E) Four to six years in graduate school to obtain a Ph.D. or a Psy.D.Discussion Question:1. Explain and give examples of developmental controversies including (a) the nature-nurture issue, (b) the continuity-discontinuity issue, and (c) early-later experience. Also explain why developmentalists do not adopt extreme positions on the three issues.Lectures 1, 2, & 3:1. It is always a good idea to know the biases of one’s instructor. Professor Hartmann isa proponent ofA. FreudB. EricksonC. G. Stanley HallD. BanduraE. Darwin2. According to the syllabusA. Four exams will be given, each counting equally to your gradeB. The appeal process for this course requires the assistance of a lawyerC. There is no limit on the proportion of As, Bs, etc. to be given in this courseD. Professor Hartmann discourages class participation, except in the event of an emergencyE. None of the above3. If you are late for classA. Stay out!B. Enter along the side isle and avoid blocking the lecternC. Sit on the lap of the nearest personD. You must pay the instructor to gain admissionE. None of the above4. Which of the following might be used to gain extra-credit for this class?A. Writing a legislator regarding an adolescent issueB. Editing another student’s projectC. Adding to Professor Hartmann’s cartoon collectionD. Participating in WEB discussionsE. All or none of the above5. Success in this course is defined by four components, according to the instructor. Which of the following is not one of those components?A. Relations with peersB. Learning the contentC. Relations with